Diplomatic rhetoric and the neo-Ottoman strategy of Davutoğlu

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The Prime Minister of Turkey, Ahmet Davutoğlu, called for military communication channels with Russia to prevent incidents such as what has happened with the Russian Su-24 bomber. He expressed this before his visit to the occupied part of Cyprus by Turkey, which has a symbolic meaning. Turkey's ambitions to restore its influence are not only focused on part of Syria, but also on the Balkans and the Caucasus

Strategic Depth

Turkish Prime Minister and leader of the Justice and Development Party, Ahmet Davutoğlu, is known for his work "Strategic Depth", which he wrote when he held the post of professor at the University of Marmara. In it he calls for a foreign policy guided by historical heritage and geo-strategic position. He says that Turkey is a European and Asian, Balkan and Caucasian, Middle Eastern and Mediterranean country, appealing to the past might of the Ottoman Empire. Davutoğlu calls for present and future Turkish politicians to restore the role and status of Turkey, at the very least, and to make it a regional actor which is not dependent on the great powers such as the United States. This explains the ongoing diplomatic maneuvering in relations with Washington, Beijing and Moscow. Since the beginning of the 2000's, Turkey has tried to diversify relations and to establish cooperation with the EU, the countries of Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa.

"Zero problems with neighbors"?

One of the theses of Davutoğlu has been a diplomacy  based on "soft power," which seeks to avoid problems with neighboring countries. Obviously, the intentions of the author have not come to fruition, because Turkey still has strained relations with Greece, has failed to resolve the conflict with Armenia, and also opposes the legitimate government of Syria. The theory of a peacekeeping policy is actually transformed into an aggressive tool, used influence and manipulate the other regional countries, which has led to a series of crises.

The Islamic factor

Under the auspices of the Justice and Development Party, the country has embarked upon a course of desecularization, changing the religious atmosphere. Under various pretexts, it has put pressure on the secular structures and passed legislation Islamicizing the public sector. In 2010, Turkey eliminated radical Islam and other ideologies as a named threat from their doctrines on national security . The main donors of Islamization of Turkey are Qatar and Saudi Arabia.

Ottomanism and Pan-Turkism

The doctrine of neo-Ottomanism involves the imposition of various strategies. This takes into account the historical experience of political control over a vast area - the Balkans, North Africa, the South Caucasus through to the Caspian Sea, all of the Red Sea coast and the northern Black Sea region. Mirroring this, the pan-Turkic ideology is based on the concept of the Turkic ethnocentrism. Both directions have been criticized by Arab Muslim countries, claiming Turkey has a "wrong" Islam which legitimizes the historical occupation of Arab lands, as well as and other Turkic states; denying modern Turkey the right to exclusive Turkic identity, because historically this territory was home to other peoples - Celts, Slavs, Greeks, Armenians, Kurds, and others.

A combination of tools for Policy

Turkey will use a variety of methods and concepts for their foreign policy, depending on the context. Earlier, Davutoğlu declared an interest in joining the Eurasian Economic Union, showing here an opportunistic approach to regional geopolitical projects. Obviously, for other countries and peoples, Ankara will use different rhetoric to achieve their interests.